Pasigarbo sa Sugbo is a cultural festival and founding anniversary celebration in Cebu, Philippines every August 6. Organized by the provincial government, this yearly celebration marks the establishment of Cebu province with the appointment of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi as captain-general of Cebu and of the new colony in 1569.
It is the biggest gathering of cultural festivals of cities and towns in the province, and it is at times referred to as the “festival of festivals” and the “mother of all festivals in the Queen City of the South.”
The date is a special nonworking public holiday in Cebu province as set forth by Republic Act No. 7698 which became a law on April 29, 1994.
Etymology
Pasigarbo sa Sugbo translates to Pride of Cebu.
Founding of Cebu
Cebu, called Sugbo in the language of its people, is the oldest settlement of the Spanish colonizers in the Philippines. It had already been a thriving trading center ruled by a rajahnate before the coming of the Spaniards. The ruling elite of its pre-colonial community is believed to have links with the lineage of southern India dynasty according to oral tradition.
Its port was a vital outpost in the exchange of goods between neighboring islands and with merchants from foreign lands as far away as Thailand, Japan, and China.
Antonio Pigafetta, the Venetian chronicler who accompanied Ferdinand Magellan in the Spanish-sponsored expedition to the Moluccas in 1521, wrote,
I asked where was the best port for obtaining victuals. They replied that there were three, that is to say, Ceylon, Zzubu, and Calaghan, but that Zzubu was the largest and of the most traffic.
Antonio Pigafetta, translated by Lord Stanley of Alderley. The First Voyage Round the World/Pigafetta’s Account of Magellan’s Voyage
Magellan’s fleet arrived in Cebu harbor on April 7, 1521 and met with Rajah Humabon, the leader of Cebu at that time. The foreign colonizers performed baptism of the natives and gifted Humabon’s consort with an image of the Infant Child called Sto. Niño (see Sinulog Festival).
Later, Magellan was killed in the Battle of Mactan (see Kadaugan sa Mactan) by the indigenous opposition led by Mactan ruler named Lapulapu.
The Spanish crown succeeded in colonizing the archipelago with the arrival of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi beginning in 1565.
He established the Spanish colonial presence when he reached Cebu on April 27. Moreover, he renamed the island “Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus” and declared it as the capital of the Spanish colony in the East Indies.
Legazpi was the first governor of Cebu from 1565 until his death in 1572. The confirmation of his appointment as “… governor and captain-general of Cebu and of the other settlements” was issued by King Philip II on August 6, 1569, and it also declared Cebu as the first Spanish province in the Philippines. This is the date that Pasigarbo sa Sugbo commemorates every year.
History of Pasigarbo sa Sugbo
Pasigarbo sa Sugbo was launched by Gwendolyn Garcia during her second term as governor in 2008 in time for the 439th founding anniversary. It was organized to give each component local government unit the opportunity to showcase culture, talent, and unique products.
Each of the constituent cities and towns of Cebu province sends a dance contingent that performs a representation of their respective cultural festival. It is thought that the yearly congregation of Cebu’s cultural festivals encourages Cebuano’s creativity and talent, as well as promotes tourism and local products.
The event was placed on hiatus twice in its history, firstly from 2013 to 2018 and secondly between 2020 and 2021 (due to coronavirus pandemic).
Hence, it was re-staged twice: in 2019 when Garcia was re-elected governor and in 2022 when it was held again to aid the tourism industry that was negatively impacted by lock-downs and travel restrictions.
Beginning in 2008, its venue was the Cebu International Convention Center (CICC) in Mandaue City. In 2019, it was moved to Cebu City Sports Complex because CICC was considered to be no longer “feasible” after the damages wrought by an earthquake and Typhoon Yolanda in 2013.
In 2023, Cebu City Sports Complex underwent repairs and the fest was hosted in Carcar City. In that same year, Carcar City’s Kabkaban Festival was announced the winner in the immediate conclusion of the cultural dance competition. In a subsequent recount that was conducted due to technical hiccups that occurred during the event, Minglanilla’s Sugat Kabanhawan Festival was declared that year’s winner.
In 2024, the fest was conducted at the Cebu City Sports Complex on August 25 to 26 with a budget of 200 million pesos.
Date | Venue | Winner | Festivals |
---|---|---|---|
8/9/2008 | CICC | Bantayan Island’s Palawod Festival | 34 |
8/15/2009 | CICC | Bantayan Island’s Palawod Festival | 38 |
8/14/2010 | CICC | Bantayan Island’s Palawod Festival | 32 |
8/13/2011 | CICC | Carcar City’s Kabkaban Festival | 40 |
8/11/2012 | CICC | Liloan’s Rosquillos Festival | 31 |
8/25/2019 | Cebu City Sports Complex | Carcar City’s Kabkaban Festival | 44 |
8/28/2022 | Cebu City Sports Complex | Carcar City’s Kabkaban Festival | 50 |
8/27/2023 | Carcar City | Minglanilla’s Sugat Kabanhawan Festival (recount) | 50 |
8/26/2024 | Cebu City Sports Complex | Dagitab Festival (Naga City) | 51 |
Pasigarbo sa Sugbo Activities
Highlights of the Pasigarbo sa Sugbo are the street dancing competition, ritual showdown, and a pageant called Festival Queen. These are also the festival’s culminating activities and their schedule has varied through the years, occurring on any of the weekends of August. Other activities may also include a float parade and a trade fair.
Meanwhile the schedule of the founding anniversary, which is a holiday, is fixed every 6th of August.
Special awards are given away including:
- Best in Decorated Float
- Best in Mayor’s Introduction Video
- Best in Festival Jingle
- Best in Festival Costume
- Best in Carroza Design
- Best Festival Queen Costume
- Miss Photogenic
List of cultural festivals in Pasigarbo sa Sugbo
Below is the list of cultural festivals in Cebu participating in Pasigarbo sa Sugbo.
Other grand festivals in Cebu are the Sinulog Festival (every third Sunday of January), Kadaugan sa Mactan (every April 27), Kaplag Festival every April 28, and Baliw Baliw Festival every May.
Festival | City / Town | Date |
---|---|---|
Bahandi Festival | Alcantara | August 28 |
Siloy Festival | Alcoy | August 27 |
Kawayan Festival | Alegria | December 3 |
Kinsan Festival | Aloguinsan | June 2nd Sunday |
La Torta Festival | Argao | September 29 |
Lalin Festival | Asturias | August 16 |
Banig Festival | Badian | July 25 |
Lingaw Sadya Festival | Balamban | October 4 |
Palawod Festival | Bantayan | June 29 |
Panumod Festival | Barili | July 26 |
Kuyayang Festival | Bogo City | May 26 |
Bolho Festival | Boljoon | November 2nd week |
Tuba Festival | Borbon | January 20 |
Kabkaban Festival | Carcar City | November 25 |
Sinulog sa Carmen | Carmen | January 3rd Sunday |
Budbod Kabog Festival | Catmon | February 10 |
Queseo Festival | Compostela | July 25 |
Sarok Festival | Consolacion | February 14 |
Dinagat Festival | Cordova | August 14 |
Haladaya Festival | Daanbantayan | August 30 |
Utanon Festival | Dalaguete | February 10 |
Karansa Festival | Danao City | September 3rd Sunday |
Sinanggiyaw Festival | Dumanjug | October 4 |
Ginatilan Festival (Hinatdan Festival) | Ginatilan | March 2nd Sunday |
Rosquillos Festival | Liloan | May 27 |
Isda Festival | Madridejos | June 29 |
Buyoc Festival | Malabuyoc | September 10 |
Panagtagbo Festival | Mandaue City | Third Friday of January |
Katubhan Festival | Medellin | April 27 |
Sugat Kabanhawan Festival | Minglanilla | Easter Sunday |
Kagasangan Festival | Moalboal | May 16 |
Dagitab Festival | Naga City | December 23 |
Toslob Festival | Oslob | December 8 |
Pamugsay Festival | Pilar | December 2 |
Pamuhuan Festival | Pinamungajan | May 4 |
Tagbo Festival | Poro | January 3rd Friday |
Humba Festival | Ronda | September 15 |
Dagayday Festival | Samboan | September 30 |
Sikoy-Sikoy Festival | San Fernando | May 15 |
Soli-soli Festival | San Francisco | March 19 |
Lapayahan Festival | San Remigio | May 16 |
Panuhug Festival | Santa Fe | January 15 |
Tostado Festival | Santander | Third Sunday of April |
Bonga Festival | Sibonga | August 9 |
Panagsogod Festival | Sogod | July 25 |
Sanggi Festival | Tabogon | May 20 |
Ani-anihan Festival | Tabuelan | June 24 |
Halad Inasal Festival | Talisay City | October 15 |
Hinulawan Festival | Toledo City | June 11 |
Tubod Festival | Tuburan | June 13 |
Katunggan Festival | Tudela | June 15 |
How to reach Cebu
Cebu is accessible via Mactan International Airport and several seaports with regular daily or weekly trips from neighboring islands.
References
- Republic Act No. 7698. Official Gazette. April 29, 1994. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Ryan Macasero. Cebu province celebrates in-person return of ‘Pasigarbo sa Sugbo’. Rappler. August 28, 2022. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Antonio Pigafetta, translated by Lord Stanley of Alderley. The First Voyage Round the World/Pigafetta’s Account of Magellan’s Voyage. Wikisource. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Philip II’s confirmation of Legazpi as Governor and Captain-general of Cebu, 1569. Blair & Robertson, The Philippine Islands, volume 3, pp. 62-66. Translation from the Spanish by Alfonso de Salvio. PhilippineHistory.net. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Kathleen de Villa. This Week’s Milestones: Aug. 5-11, 2018. Philippine Daily Inquirer. August 5, 2018. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Gary B. Lao. Palawod, Haladaya, Siloy festivals dominate Pasigarbo. The Philippine Star. August 11, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Earl Kim Padronia. Minglanilla emerges victorious in Pasigarbo 2023 recount. SunStar. September 6, 2023. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Gregg M. Rubio. The grandest performances of proud Cebuanos. The Freeman through PressReader. August 31, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Mellanie Joy C. Rosales. Bantayan grabs first prize in Pasigarbo sa Sugbo. The Philippine Star. August 16, 2010. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Alven Marie A., Timtim, Enrique Bejar, Gerard Vincent Francisco, Michelle Joy Padayhag, Rosalie O. Abatayo. Carcar City’s Kabkaban Festival is Pasigarbo sa Sugbo 2019’s big winner. Cebu Daily News. August 26, 2019. Retrieved September 9, 2023
- Earl Kim H. Padronia. Cebu City gears up for 2024 Pasigarbo sa Sugbo. Sunstar. August 19, 2024. Retrieved August 22, 2024
- Laureen Mondoñedo-Ynot, Earl Kim H. Padronia. Naga wins Pasigarbo sa Sugbo 2024 ritual showdown. Sunstar. August 26, 2024. Retrieved August 26, 2024
- Niña Mae C. Oliverio. Pasigarbo sa Sugbo 2024: List of winners. Cebu Daily News. August 26, 2024. Retrieved September 2, 2024
- Mitchelle L. Palaubsanon, Le Phyllis F. Antojado-Orillaneda, Kristin De Dios. Pasigarbo sa Sugbo 2024: Gwen: Grandest ever. The Freeman. August 27, 2024. Retrieved September 29, 2024
Pasigarbo sa Sugbo Summary
Name Pasigarbo sa Sugbo Celebration Founding anniversary of Cebu province Contact (032) 888 2328 local 3011 Country Philippines Date August 6 Email pio@cebu.gov.ph Established 2008 Facebook www.facebook.com Founder Gwendolyn Garcia Historical event Confirmation of the appointment of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi as governor of Cebu by King Phillip II in 1569 Instagram www.instagram.com Location Cebu Organizer Provincial Government of Cebu Other Names Pride of Cebu Twitter twitter.com Website www.cebu.gov.ph
Name | Pasigarbo sa Sugbo |
---|---|
Celebration | Founding anniversary of Cebu province |
Contact | (032) 888 2328 local 3011 |
Country | Philippines |
Date | August 6 |
pio@cebu.gov.ph | |
Established | 2008 |
www.facebook.com | |
Founder | Gwendolyn Garcia |
Historical event | Confirmation of the appointment of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi as governor of Cebu by King Phillip II in 1569 |
www.instagram.com | |
Location | Cebu |
Organizer | Provincial Government of Cebu |
Other Names | Pride of Cebu |
twitter.com | |
Website | www.cebu.gov.ph |